Articles– इस पोस्ट में sscgkआपसे articles के बारे में विस्तार से चर्चा करेंगे |
DEFINITION OF ARTICLES:-” Articles are words that define a noun as specific or unspecific.
These are called Determiners in Modern English grammar
There are three articles ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’.
Articles are used before nouns and adjectives.
There are two types of articles–
1.Definite article
2.Indefinite article
Articles:-
1.Definite article:- article ‘the’ is a definite article.
It is used before a singular or a plural noun.
‘The’ is also used before Uncountable nouns like informations, Butter, Water, Sugar Understanding,Wood,Cheese, coffee,honesty,knowledge etc.
Examples-
Please give me the nail cutter.
Please give me the ball.
This is the pen which I have bought yesterday.
Please give me the latest book of general knowledge.
Shataabdi Express is the fastest train of Bharat.
The train runs on the railway track.
Satbir is the tallest man.
उपरोक्त examples में nail cutter, ball, pen, book, railway track के ठीक पहले का the प्रयोग इसकी position को certain (निश्चित) करने के लिए किया गया है।
We have discussed with you in the previous post aboutसर्वनाम की परिभाषा व भेद |
Articles in English :-
Uses of definite article ‘the’ –
Rule no.1.:- Article ‘the’ is used before mountain series but not before the mountain peaks .
‘The’ का प्रयोग पर्वत श्रेणियों से ठीक पहले किया जाता है, लेकिन पर्वत चोटियों से पहले नहीं किया जाता है।
Examples –
the Himalayas,
the Aravalis,
the Alps,
the vindhyachal etc.
Rule no.2:- the is used before the name of rivers seas, oceans , gulfs bays.
(the का प्रयोग नदियों ,सागरों, महासागरों ,खाड़ियों के नाम से ठीक पहले किया जाता है। )
Examples-
The Ganga is a sacred river.
The Arabian sea touches touch Western Indian coast.
The Indian Ocean is it situated in the south of India
The bay of Bengal is situated in the east of India.
The gulf countries are very rich.
Delhi is situated on the bank of Yamuna.
IN ENGLISH Articles Rules :-
Rule no.3 :-‘the’ is used before the names of aeroplanes, ships, trains ,
group of Islands, religious books etc.(the का प्रयोग हवाई जहाजों, समुद्री जहाजों,
रेलगाड़ियों, द्वीप समूहों, धार्मिक पुस्तकों, वाद्य यंत्रों के नाम से ठीक पहले किया जाता है)|
Examples:-
The Aeroplanes ,
the ships ,
the Himalayan express express,
the Lakshadweep Islands,
the Geeta
the Ramayan
the Mahabharata ,
the Piano,
the Trumpet,
the Harmmonium
Rule no.4:- the is used before the name of historical places, historical
buildings, historical events, historical is ,historical empires, historical
casts, historical dynasty etc.(the का प्रयोग ऐतिहासिक स्थानों ,ऐतिहासिक इमारतों,
ऐतिहासिक घटनाओं, ऐतिहासिक साम्राज्य, ऐतिहासिक जातियों, ऐतिहासिक वंशों के लिए किया जाता है)
Examples:-
The Panipat ,
The Gwalior,
The Kurukshetra,
The Ramleela maidan,
The Red fort,
The Taj Mahal,
The Ram Mandir,
The Cholas dynasty,
The Pal dynasty,
The Pigmies,
The Aaryans,
The Kushwahas
2.Indefinite article:- The indefinite article indicates that a noun
refers to a
general idea rather than a particular thing.
(हमारे लिए यह जानना परम आवश्यक है कि A,an का प्रयोग संज्ञा से ठीक पहले किया जाता है ।
ऐसा करने से गलतियां होने की संभावना कम हो जाती है। ‘a’ का प्रयोग व्यंजन की ध्वनि से आरंभ में
होने वाले संज्ञा शब्दों से ठीक पहले किया जाता है, जबकि an का प्रयोग स्वर की ध्वनि से शुरू होने वाले
संज्ञा शब्दों से ठीक पहले किया जाता है। )
Articles in ENGLISH :-
For an example:-
I am going to eat an orange.
We know that an orange is a juicy citrus fruit which is an ample source of vitamin c.
Indefinite articles are–
‘A’, ‘An’
A– ‘a’ is used before a singular
noun beginning with a consonant sound.
(‘a’ का प्रयोग व्यंजन की ध्वनि से आरंभ में होने वाले संज्ञा शब्दों से ठीक पहले किया जाता है)।
Examples:-
I have ‘a’ book.
I saw an old man.
Roshni is an intelligent girl.
Mathematics is an easy subject.
Ram is eating a banana.
He is a student.
USES OF ARTICLES in English :-
An–
Article ‘an’ is used before
a singular noun.
a singular noun which begins with a vowel sound.
(an का प्रयोग स्वर की ध्वनि से आरंभ होने वाले संज्ञा शब्दों से ठीक पहले किया जाता है)।
Examples–
Tannu eating an Apple.
She have an orange.
Roshni is an honest girl.
This is an umbrella.
Ram is an honest man.
Krishna has an Axe.
My mother is an honest woman.
Bhandari is an MLA.
Brijesh is an MA.
Articles examples:-
Note-there are a few exceptions to the general rule of using ’ a ‘
before words
that start with consonant and ‘an’ before words that begin with vowels-
The word European starts with vowel sound. We use ‘a’ before the
word European because it sounds of a consonant.
The word honest starts with a consonant but it sounds of a vowel.
So we use ‘an’ before this.
[ Note– सामान्य नियम के कुछ शब्द अपवाद है, जो लिखने में तो स्वर से सआरंभ होते हैं ।
लेकिन वे शुरुआत में व्यंजन की ध्वनि देते हैं । इसी कारण ऐसे शब्दों के साथ ‘a’ का प्रयोग होता है।]
John is a European.
Lalita has a uniform.
There is a university in Haryana.
The factory workers made a union for their welfare.
